PENDIDIKAN SPIRITUAL SUFISTIK BERBASIS TAZKIYATUN NAFS DALAM MENGATASI KEHAMPAAN SPIRITUAL GENERASI DIGITAL DI ERA SOCIETY 5.0

Abstract

The development of digital technology in the Society 5.0 era has transformed education through easy access to information, social media, and artificial intelligence. Behind these benefits, the younger generation faces challenges such as spiritual emptiness, a crisis of meaning in life, individualism, digital addiction, and a weakening of religious awareness, indicating that the spiritual dimension in education has not yet been optimally strengthened. Although various studies have examined the impact of digitalization on character and mental health, there remain a limited number of studies that have developed a systematic and contextual pedagogical model based on Sufi spiritual education for the Society 5.0 era. This study aims to analyze the root causes of the spiritual emptiness experienced by the digital generation and to develop the SMART-TS model (Spiritual Meaningful Awareness through Reflection and Tazkiyatun Nafs Sufistic) as the main outcome of the research. The research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method through conceptual synthesis of the Qur’an, hadith, Islamic educational literature, Sufi literature, and reputable scientific articles. The research findings indicate that spiritual emptiness is influenced by the dominance of an educational paradigm oriented towards academic achievement and cognitive competencies, which consequently neglects the spiritual dimension, tazkiyatun nafs, and moral development. The main finding is the SMART-TS model, which integrates an awareness of spiritual meaning, self-reflection (muhasabah), muraqabah, tazkiyatun nafs, and the internalization of Sufi values within a holistic pedagogical framework. The scientific contribution of this research lies in the development of a conceptual model of Sufi spiritual education that fills a gap in contemporary Islamic education studies. The SMART-TS model serves as an implementable framework for strengthening learners’ spiritual intelligence, character, and moral resilience in the Society 5.0 era.